Tier 5
Forcing Chain
Trying both values of a cell and keeping whatever the two branches agree on.
Also called Forcing Chain, Trial and Error, Bifurcation.
Take a cell with two candidates, assume the first, and follow the consequences as far as they go — every single that falls out, and every single those produce. Then start again and do the same with the second candidate.
Anything both branches arrive at must be true whichever candidate is right, so it can be placed without ever learning which one it was. If one branch reaches a contradiction, the other candidate is proved outright.
This is bifurcation: unlike every other technique here, it works by trying a value and seeing what happens rather than by proving something about the position directly. That makes it powerful and, to most solvers, unsatisfying — the answer arrives without a reason you could explain at the point you wrote it down.
A worked example
A real position, with the pencil marks a solver would have at that point.
the pattern · what it places
What it proves. Forcing chain: 7 at R1C4 breaks the grid, so R1C4 is 8.